What is the history and origin of the Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)?

The work ‘Doctor’ comes from the Latin word, “Docere” which translates to “to teach.” PhD originates from Medieval Europe wherein early doctorates were awarded in Paris around 1150. Doctorate title and degrees were originally granted for the “higher faculties”: Law, Medicine and Theology. From the 14th century onwards, the word Philosophy became the umbrella for all disciplines. In the 18th century, Modern PhD was introduced in Germany focusing on original research work. It then expanded across many countries.